However, as this drug affects the brain neurotransmitters and the release of dopamine, it also affects the senses. The sight or smell of marijuana can result in an increase in dopamine release based on the anticipated “reward” one will experience when actually smoking marijuana. So, simply seeing or smelling marijuana could cause a pleasurable response in the brain. There are several physical and mental changes that happen in the body when someone uses drugs. All drugs, including meth, cocaine, prescription painkillers, and everything in between, cause chemicals to be released in abnormal patterns in the brain.

Within seconds to minutes of entering the body, drugs cause dramatic changes to synapses in the brain. By activating the brain’s reward circuitry, drugs deliver a jolt of intense pleasure. Today we recognize addiction as a chronic disease that changes both brain structure and function.

Understanding How Addiction Affects the Brain

That’s because, over time, drug use leads to much smaller releases of dopamine. The brain’s reward center is less receptive to pleasure and enjoyment, both from drugs as well as from everyday sources, like relationships or activities that a person once enjoyed. Once the brain has been altered by drug use, it requires more and more of a substance just to function at a baseline level. This explains why substance use disorders are said to involve compromised self-control. At every turn, people with addictions who try to quit find their resolve challenged. As a consequence of drug addiction, the brain rewards the harmful behavior.

Furthermore, the use of stigmatizing language, such as “junkie” and “addict” and getting “clean,” often creates barriers when it comes to accessing treatment. There’s also stigma that surrounds treatment methods, creating additional challenges. Although addiction can cause severe brain damage, revolutionary new brain therapies can help treat addiction. Pleasurable experience, a burst of dopamine signals that something important is happening that needs to be remembered.

Healing an Addicted Brain

When someone develops an addiction, the brain craves the reward of the substance. This is due to the intense stimulation of the brain’s reward system. In response, many users continue use of the substance; this can lead to a host of euphoric feelings and strange behavioral traits. Long-term addiction can have severe outcomes, such as brain damage, and can even result in death.

Millions of readers rely on HelpGuide.org for free, evidence-based resources to understand and navigate mental health challenges. Please donate today to help us save, support, and change lives. Addiction can also cause problems with focus, memory, and learning, not to mention decision-making and judgement.

Dopamine Levels Increase

Stopping drug use doesn’t immediately return the brain to normal. Some drugs have toxic effects that can kill neurons-and most of these Top 5 Questions to Ask Yourself When Choosing Sober House cells will not be replaced. While changes to connections between neurons in the brain may not be permanent, some last for months.